THE IMPACT OF THE IRAN–ISRAEL–UNITED STATES WAR ON THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: AN EX POST FACTO ANALYSIS

Abstract

This study examines the impact of the Iran–Israel–United States conflict on the global economy using an ex post facto research design. The conflict has generated substantial economic disruptions through energy market instability, inflationary pressures, financial market volatility, and trade interruptions. Secondary data were collected from international organizations, economic reports, and market analyses published during the conflict period. The findings indicate that the conflict significantly affected global oil and gas markets, increased inflation, disrupted supply chains, and weakened global economic growth. Energy-importing countries experienced the greatest economic burden, while some energy-exporting countries benefited from higher commodity prices. The study concludes that prolonged geopolitical conflict may increase the risk of stagflation, reduce international trade efficiency, and accelerate the transition toward alternative energy sources.